Pregnancy and Maternity Discrimination Hub

Pregnancy and maternity discrimination Hub

Pregnancy and Maternity Discrimination

Research undertaken by the Equality and Human Rights Commission found that some 54,000 women per year are forced out of work by pregnancy or maternity discrimination, and that three out of four working mothers endure negative or discriminatory treatment at work.

Pregnant then dismissed

UK law protects pregnant women by making it unlawful for an employer to dismiss in connection with a pregnancy. If the reason (or principal reason) for dismissal is pregnancy the dismissal will be automatically unfair, regardless of the length of time the employee has been employed or the procedure the employer adopted.

A recent legal opinion on pregnancy discrimination from the European Advocate General regarding a Spanish case has raised questions as to whether the UK gives pregnant women sufficient protection. The European Court is expected to given its Judgment on the case in the next few months.

Redundancy and Pregnancy

pregnancy and maternity discrimination It is not automatically unfair or discriminatory to terminate a pregnant employee’s employment due to redundancy.

Unlike women on maternity leave, a pregnant employee does not have preferential rights to any suitable alternative roles available. This means, if a pregnant employee and a non-pregnant colleague at at risk of being redundant but there is an alternative suitable role available, the employer can select the best candidate. If the same situation involved an employee on maternity leave, the employer must offer the role to the employee on maternity leave even if another employee is better qualified or would otherwise have been preferred for the role.

The Equality Act 2010 (Pregnancy and maternity)

The Equality Act 2010 makes it unlawful to discriminate, or treat employees unfavourably because of their pregnancy, or because they have given birth recently, are breastfeeding or on maternity leave.

Time-limits for bringing pregnancy employment claims

Usually an employee has three months, minus a day, to bring a claim. Many people think this is not enough time and are campaigning for the time-limit to be extended to six months hashtag #givemesix.

Five things we learnt in employment law this week

Five things we learnt in employment law this week (3 June 2019)

3rd June 2019

The Court of Appeal has ruled that it is not discriminatory to pay men on Shared Parental Leave less than an enhanced rate paid to women who are on maternity leave. (Ali v Capita Customer Management Ltd and Chief Constable of Leicestershire v Hextall) 2. Comments made by a...

five things employment law 1 February 2019

Five things we learnt in employment law this week

Five things we learnt in employment law this week (1 February 2019)

1st February 2019

The Supreme Court has ruled that two aspects of the criminal conviction disclosure scheme are unlawful: the requirement to separate each offence into a separate certificate (which could lead to an exaggerated sense of a person’s propensity to offend) and warnings and reprimands issued to young offenders (R...

Five things we learnt in employment law this week

Five things we learnt in employment law this week (8 March 2018)

9th March 2018

Pregnant workers are not entitled to priority treatment in a collective redundancy exercise (Porras Guisado v Bankia SA, Court of Justice of the European Union). 2. An expectation that a disabled employee would require long hours can be a provision, criterion or practice (United First Partners Research v Carreras,...

Articles

Gender pay gap fund

6th March 2018

The government has announced a £1.5m fund to support people back into work, after time out caring, saying it could help close the gender pay gap. The fund will pay for projects, which help returners update their skills, provide other training, or support businesses to increase employment opportunities for returners....

Articles

What to do when an employee is pregnant

27th February 2018

Over a third of employers believe that during the recruitment process it's reasonable to ask women about their plans to have children, according to recent research. But that leaves them at risk of discrimination claims says Cathy Donald of Ergo Law, a specialist employment law firm based in Edinburgh....

Section 99 - Employment Rights Act 1996 - Automatic Unfair Dismissal in connection with pregnancy, maternity or family leave

Pregnancy and maternity discrimination: work cases

(1)This section has effect for the purposes of the application of Part 5 (work) to the protected characteristic of pregnancy and maternity.

(2)A person (A) discriminates against a woman if, in the protected period in relation to a pregnancy of hers, A treats her unfavourably —

(a)because of the pregnancy, or

(b)because of illness suffered by her as a result of it.

(3)A person (A) discriminates against a woman if A treats her unfavourably because she is on compulsory maternity leave.

(4)A person (A) discriminates against a woman if A treats her unfavourably because she is exercising or seeking to exercise, or has exercised or sought to exercise, the right to ordinary or additional maternity leave.

(5)For the purposes of subsection (2), if the treatment of a woman is in implementation of a decision taken in the protected period, the treatment is to be regarded as occurring in that period (even if the implementation is not until after the end of that period).

(6)The protected period, in relation to a woman’s pregnancy, begins when the pregnancy begins, and ends—

(a)if she has the right to ordinary and additional maternity leave, at the end of the additional maternity leave period or (if earlier) when she returns to work after the pregnancy;

(b)if she does not have that right, at the end of the period of 2 weeks beginning with the end of the pregnancy.

(7)Section 13, so far as relating to sex discrimination, does not apply to treatment of a woman in so far as—

(a)it is in the protected period in relation to her and is for a reason mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (2), or

(b)it is for a reason mentioned in subsection (3) or (4).

Section 18 - Equality Act 2010 - Pregnancy and Maternity Discrimination

Pregnancy and maternity discrimination: work cases

(1) This section has effect for the purposes of the application of Part 5 (work) to the protected characteristic of pregnancy and maternity.

(2) A person (A) discriminates against a woman if, in the protected period in relation to a pregnancy of hers, A treats her unfavourably —

(a) because of the pregnancy, or

(b) because of illness suffered by her as a result of it.

(3) A person (A) discriminates against a woman if A treats her unfavourably because she is on compulsory maternity leave.

(4) A person (A) discriminates against a woman if A treats her unfavourably because she is exercising or seeking to exercise, or has exercised or sought to exercise, the right to ordinary or additional maternity leave.

(5) For the purposes of subsection (2), if the treatment of a woman is in implementation of a decision taken in the protected period, the treatment is to be regarded as occurring in that period (even if the implementation is not until after the end of that period).

(6) The protected period, in relation to a woman’s pregnancy, begins when the pregnancy begins, and ends—

(a) if she has the right to ordinary and additional maternity leave, at the end of the additional maternity leave period or (if earlier) when she returns to work after the pregnancy;

(b) if she does not have that right, at the end of the period of 2 weeks beginning with the end of the pregnancy.

(7) Section 13, so far as relating to sex discrimination, does not apply to treatment of a woman in so far as—

(a) it is in the protected period in relation to her and is for a reason mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (2), or

(b) it is for a reason mentioned in subsection (3) or (4).